Skat Card Game
This page is based on contributions from many players including Eric Kent, Paul Welty, Duine Buile, Jim Black, William Priester Jr., Monty Martin and Kent Hamilton.
This video tutorial will teach you how to play the card game Skat. QUICK GUIDE:http://www.gathertogethergames.com/skatSUBSCRIBE:http://www.youtube.com/gathe. Play Skat online, free Features: live opponents, game rooms, rankings, extensive stats, user profiles, contact lists, private messaging, game records, support for mobile devices. Free online games, play against live opponents. Skat is a card game. This application does not include cheat codes. All the cards are randomly dealt. Skat as You Love It - We provide the original Altenburger cards. Play according to the international Skat Order ISkO. Use special rules and play as you like. Compete With the Best - Play your way to the top of.
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Introduction
Skat Card Game 31 How To Play
This is a simple draw and discard game, suitable for players of all ages. Players have a three card hand and the aim is to collect cards in a single suit worth 31 points or as near as possible to that total. It is played in the USA, the UK and perhaps other places. In the USA it has various names including Scat, 31, Blitz, Cabbage, Cadillac, Kitty, High Hat and Geronimo. Some of these names can cause confusion with other games:
- This Scat has no connection whatever with the German national card game Skat;
- There are at least two other games called 31:
- the German game 31, also known as Schwimmen, Schnauz or Hosen 'runter, which is like the game on this page, except that cards are swapped with a central pool of three cards, rather than using a draw and discard mechanism;
- the Greek banking game 31, which is similar to 21 except that the object is to draw cards adding as near as possible to 31 without exceeding it.
- This Blitz is not to be confused with Dutch Blitz, which is a version of Racing Demon, sometimes played with special cards.
Eric Kent learned the game in the late 70's from older siblings, who had in turn learned it from friends visiting from the UK, and they called it Ride the Bus, and used a somewhat different method of keeping score.
Players
From 2 to 9 or more people can play. Eric Kent suggests that the game is perhaps best when played with 3 players, but it should also work well with a larger group.
Cards and their value
A standard 52 card deck is used. For scoring hands, the Ace is worth 11 points, the Kings, Queens, and Jacks are worth 10, and all other cards are worth their pip value.
The value of a three card hand is calculated by adding up the value of the cards held in any one suit. So if you have three cards of the same suit, you can add up all three. If only two cards are in the same suit you can add those, or use the value of the odd card if it is higher than the sum of the other two. If you have three different suits the value of your hand is the value of the highest card in it. The maximum hand value is 31, consisting of the ace and two ten-point cards in the same suit.
Deal
Determine the first dealer in any manner you desire. The turn to deal passes on clockwise after each hand. The cards are shuffled and are dealt out one at a time, starting with the player to dealer's left and continuing clockwise until everyone has a hand of three cards.
The next card is turned face up on the table to start the discard pile, and the remaining undealt cards are placed face down next to it to form the draw pile or stock. During play, the discard pile is always kept 'squared up' so that only the top card is visible and available to be taken.
Play
The player to dealer's left begins and the turn to play passes clockwise around the table. A normal turn consists of:
- drawing the top card either from the stock pile (without showing it to the other players) or from the discard pile;
- discarding one card face up on top of the discard pile.
Skat Card Game online, free
Note that if you choose to take the top card from the discard pile, it is illegal to discard the same card, leaving the position unchanged. You must keep the card you took and discard one of the cards that was previously in your hand. However, if you draw the top card of the stock, you are free to discard the card that you drew onto the discard pile, leaving your hand unchanged.
Knocking
If at the start of your turn, you believe that your hand is not the lowest and that at least one other player will be unable to beat your hand even if they are allowed one more turn, you can knock instead of drawing a card. Knocking ends your turn. You must keep the hand you had at the start of that turn, but each other player gets one final turn to draw and discard. After the player to the knocker's right has discarded, all players reveal their cards. Each player decides which suit is their point suit, and totals up their cards in that suit.
The player with the lowest hand value loses a life. If there is a tie involving the knocker, the other player(s) lose a life, but the knocker is safe. If the knocker's score is lower than that of every other player, the knocker loses two lives. If there is a tie for lowest between two or more players other than the knocker, then both (all) of those players lose a life.
There is just one case where it is possible to pick up your own discard. This happens when there are only two players left in the game and your opponent knocks. The card you discarded just before the knock is still on top of the pile, so it is now available for you to take back if you want it - for example if you had just broken up a suit for tactical reasons you can now restore it.
Declaring 31
If after drawing and discarding a player achieves hand value of 31, they show their cards immediately and claim victory. In this case all the other players lose a life. A player who makes 31 after another player has knocked still declares it and every other player including the the knocker loses one life.
A player who is dealt 31 in their original three cards declares it - there is no play and all the other players lose a life. If it happens that two or more players get 31 on the initial deal then all the players other than those with 31 lose.
A player who has 31 in their hand and does not declare it as soon as they make it or are dealt it cannot claim it later. An undeclared 31 in a player's hand effectively counts as 30 - if another player declares 31 the holder of the undeclared 31 will lose a life along with the other players.
Draw pile exhausted
If the stock runs out the play can continue as long as each player wishes to take the previous player's diuscard. If the player whose turn it is does not wish to draw the top discard, the play ends and all players show their cards and the hand is scored. If no one has knocked then the player who has the lowest score loses one life, or if there is a tie all the players with the lowest score lose a life.
Scoring
The normal way of scoring in Scat is that each player begins the game with three pennies. When you lose a life, you have to put one of your pennies into the kitty in the centre of the table. If you knock and lose, having the sole lowest hand, you pay two pennies (if you have that many).
If someone declares 31, all the other players have to put a penny in the kitty. If someone declares 31 after another player has knocked, the knocker just pays one penny, like everyone else.
If you have no money left, having lost all three of your pennies, you are said to be 'on the county' (meaning receiving charity from the county, etc.), or 'on poverty', 'on your face', 'on your honour', 'on welfare' or 'floating'. If you lose while on the county, you are out of the game. If you lose two lives when you only have one penny you are also out of the game. The game continues until only one player has not been eliminated, and that player is the winner.
There is a theoretical possibility of a draw if all the remaining players are on the county, the draw pile runs out before anyone knocks or makes 31, and all remaining players have equal scores. If this unlikely situation were to arise and it was necessary to determine a winner, the hand would have to be replayed.
Variations
Skat Card Game Rules
Some play that in case of a tie for lowest score between a knocker and one or more other players, the knocker loses two lives while the other players in the tie lose one life. If a player declares 31 after a knock, the player with 31 is safe, knocker loses two lives and the other players each lose one life. In this variant it is possible for all the remaining players to lose their last life simultaneously, in which case those players play another hand (in which they will all be on their honour / on the county) to break the tie.
Some play that in a tie involving the knocker, only the knocker loses.
Some play that a knocker who has the lowest score only loses one life, not two.
Some play that 3-of-a-kind of any rank counts as 30 (or 30.5) points. When it counts 30, it ties with three ten-point cards of the same suit. If it counts 30.5, it beats all hands except a 31.
Rarely, people play that any straight-flush (three cards of the same suit in sequence) is worth 30 (except for A-K-Q, which is 31).
Some play that there is a minimum score with which you are allowed to knock - for example 17, 19 or 21. Some play that a knock is only allowed by a player who has three cards of the same suit.
Some players have recommended a variant in which instead of drawing, the very first player, to the left of the dealer, has the option to call a 'hammer'. This is also known as 'knocking under the gun'. Everyone must show their cards - no one gets to draw a card - and the hand is scored exactly like a knock. If the first player, the one who called for the cards to be exposed, has the lowest hand value, they lose two lives - otherwise the player with the lowest score loses a life. If anyone was lucky enough to be dealt 31 all the other players lose a life. Obviously, this round of the game takes very little time, thus speeding up the game. Some play a version of this known as 'throw-down' or 'shotgun' where the first player must decide before looking at their cards whether or not to call for an immediate showdown in which everyone reveals their cards and the worst hand loses as above.
Kent Hamilton describes a variant Cadillac in which each player begins with four nickels. A player losing a life pays a nickel to the pot, a player who has no nickels is on poverty and a player who loses a life when on poverty is out of the game. If the knocker ties with one or more other players for lowest hand the knocker loses two lives and the others lose nothing. A hand worth 31 is declared by calling 'Cadillac' and every other player loses a life. Three Aces make a 'Grand Cadillac' worth 33 points - this is declared in the same way as a Cadillac and each other player loses a life. Three-of-a-kind of a rank other than Aces is worth 30 points.
Angie Barry described a variant called GIN is which a knock is a promise to have the highest score. The three lives are represented by the letters of the word 'gin' and a player who has all three letters is out of the game. After a knock each of the other players takes a turn and if after this the knocker's hand is highest or equal highest, everyone except the knocker gets a letter. If another player beats the knocker, the knocker gets a letter. A player who has 31 declares it and everyone else gets a letter. In this variant a three-of-a-kind is worth 30.5 points.
Ride the Bus has a different way of keeping track of wins and losses. All players start out 'seated' at the back of the bus. Players who lose a hand move toward the front in a sequence. The sequence is usually: first, you stand at the back of the bus, then you are in the middle of the bus, then at the front of the bus, then you are on the stairs, then you are off the bus. Players who are no longer 'riding the bus' are out of play. Winning a hand simply keeps your position; you do not move back a step if you win a hand.
The scoring system of Ride the Bus can be changed to suit how many hands people want to play. Because this game is very casual, this often happens in the middle of the game by mutual agreement of all players; for example, a player who is 'on the stairs' loses another hand and would normally be out of play, but since everyone is having so much fun, it is declared that the player is 'on the second step' or 'asking the driver to stop' instead of out. If extra levels are introduced, they apply to all players.
On the site Cribbage.ca is a description of a French Canadian version of 31 in which after a player has knocked and everyone else has taken a turn, the player with the highest score is awarded one point. If there is a tie the player who did not knock wins it. Presumably if there is a tie between two players neither of whom knocked they get a point each. A player who makes 31 declares it and score a point immediately. The game apparently goes on until someone reaches a score of 31 - a long game. Jeffrey Jacobs describes a version of this game in which players are not allowed to knock unless they have three cards of the same suit. If two players have equally high scores the tie is broken if possible by looking at the ranks of the cards as in poker - for example A-10-9 beats K-Q-J, K-10-9 beats Q-J-9 and K-J-7 beats K-9-8.
Scat software
You can download Ryan Skeldon's free Blitz 31 for Windows.
On the cbc.ca kids site you can play a version of this game called High Hat against computer opponents.
Here is Bob Dolan's Scat program for Windows.
Solitaire.com has published a version of Ride the Bus that can be played free online in a browser against computer opponents. In this version you can signal the bus to stop after drawing a card and before discarding, but the bus cannot be stopped in your first turn to play.
One of the four top trumps in Officers' Skat - the Unter of Acorns | |
| Origin | Germany |
|---|---|
| Type | Point-trick |
| Players | 2 |
| Cards | 32 |
| Deck | German or French |
| Play | Alternate |
| Card rank (highest first) | (U) D 10 K O 9 8 7 D K O U 10 9 8 7 (Null) |
| Playing time | 7-8 minutes/hand |
| Related games | |
| Skat (card game) | |
Officers' Skat (Offiziersskat), is a trick-taking card game for two players which is based on the rules of Skat. It may be played with a German or French pack of 32 cards which, from the outset of the game, are laid out in rows both face down and face up. As in Skat, tricks are taken and card points counted to determine the winner of a round; game points are then awarded to decide the winner of a game. It is also called Two-hand Skat (Zweimann-Skat[1] or Skat zu zweit[2]), Sailors' Skat (Seemannsskat), Farmers' Skat (Bauernskat), Robbers' Skat (Räuberskat) or Coachmen's Skat (Kutscherskat[3][4])
There are several local variations of the card game, which differ mainly in the number of cards revealed or hidden and the calculation of points.
Method of play[edit]
The game is played between two players, each of whom has two rows of cards placed face down and two rows of cards placed face up on top of them. Thus each player has his 16 cards laid out in two rows of cards facing him, each row containing four pairs of cards, the top cards being face up. The players then play for 16 tricks. Players may agree to play with a trump suit (the game is then known as Suit; German: Farbenspiel), without a trump suit (Grand) or without any trumps at all (Ramsch).[3] A Null game (Nullspiel), as in normal Skat, may be also possible depending on the rules.[1]
Dealing[edit]
The dealer shuffles the cards and his opponent – the forehand (Vorhand), elder hand (Ältere) or declarer (Ansager) – cuts them. The dealer then deals a row of four cards, face down, to the forehand and four to himself. Next, the forehand is given four cards face up on top of his first row of face down cards. Now forehand chooses a suit (Bells, Hearts, Leaves or Acorns) as the trump suit.
After the trump suit has been declared, the dealer deals four cards to himself, face up, on top of his first row. He may double the stakes by saying 'Kontra!' if he believes his opponent cannot win. The remaining 16 cards are then dealt; four face down to each player making a second row and then four face up to each player on top of them. (see variations). If the dealer has said 'kontra' after receiving his first four face-up cards, the forehand can answer 'Re!' after receiving his second row of face-up cards thus re-doubling the stakes and indicating that he thinks he will win the game.
Trumps[edit]
As in Skat, one of the four suits is nominated as the trump suit in addition to the jacks (French card pack) or Unters (German card pack). Alternatively the players can play Grand and only use the jacks/Unters as trumps. As in Suit in Skat, the four jacks/Unters are the highest trumps in the order: Clubs/Acorns, Spades/Leaves, Hearts and Diamonds/Bells. Then follow the Ace/Deuce, King, Queen/Ober, 9, 8 and 7 of the chosen trump suit.
The trump suit sets the game value at 24 (Grand), 12 (acorns), 11 (leaves), 10 (hearts) or 9 (bells) points. There is also the option to choose Ramsch i.e. the winner is the player with the fewest points.
Cards in the trump suit are ordered as follows:
- Jack of Clubs / Unter of Acorns, J♣ or B♣ or U (German: Eichel Unter)
- Jack of Spades / Unter of Leaves, J♠ or B♠ or U (German: Grüner Unter)
- Jack of Hearts / Unter of Hearts, J♥ or B♥ or U (German: Roter Unter)
- Jack of Diamonds / Unter of Bells, J♦ or B♦ or U (German: Schellen Unter)
- Trump Ace / Deuce (As / Daus)
- Trump Ten
- Trump King (König)
- Trump Queen / Ober
- Trump Nine
- Trump Eight
- Trump Seven
The Jack of Clubs/Unter of Acorns is the highest-ranking card in a Suit game and is called in German der Alte ('the old man').
The non-trump suit cards are ranked A-10-K-Q-9-8-7 (or A-10-K-O-9-8-7 for the German pack respectively).
Playing[edit]
The player who has chosen trumps, the declarer, starts the game by leading to the first trick with one of his face-up cards. The player going second must 'follow suit' if possible. If a player is unable to follow suit, i.e. he is 'skat' or 'blank', he can throw down a card (give up a card of his choice) or in the case of having no cards of the same suit left, he may trump it (play a trump and win the card). The rules are the same as those for Suit, Grand and Ramsch in Skat.
After each trick, any exposed face down cards are flipped. The winner of the trick leads to the next trick.
Counting and scoring[edit]
The game ends when all 16 tricks have been taken; then both players add up their 'card points' from the cards they have won. The game is won by the player who has amassed the most card points. Because the total value of all the cards is 120 card points, a winning score is 61 or more card points. The cards have the same values as in skat: 11, 10, 4, 3 and 2 points (Ace, 10, King, Ober, Unter), the cards 7, 8 and 9 do not count.[3] If both players score 60 card points, then the player who did not choose trumps is the winner.
The declarer receives 'game points' according to his win or loss. These are calculated as in normal Skat. First the number of matadors (Spitzen) is calculated. This is the either the number of Jacks or Unters held in unbroken sequence, beginning with the Jack of Clubs or Unter of Acorns or, alternatively, the number not held in unbroken sequence. The number of matadors plus one is then multiplied by the base value of the trump suit (Bells: 9, Hearts: 10, Leaves: 11, Acorns: 12 or Grand: 24). For example, if Bells are trumps and the declarer holds the Unters of Acorns, Leaves and Hearts, but not Bells, his score is (3+1) x 9 = 36. If his opponent has won less than 30 card points (i.e. he is 'in the Schneider') or even no card points at all (i.e. he is 'black' or 'Schwarz'), the declarer doubles or quadruples his game points accordingly (Schneider: double; Schwarz: four times). If the declarer loses, he deducts twice the number of game points he would have won.[3]
Note that, as in Skat, game points are quite separate from card points; card points determine whether the declarer wins or loses, whereas game points determine how much is won or lost.[5]
Many people calculate the points using additional matadors (Spitzen) as in Skat, so that in a game with all four Jacks and the Ace of trumps, the winner gets 5 matador points for a game value of 6 times the base value. The same goes for the calculation of Unters or Jacks not held.
In addition there are also simplified forms of scoring:
- The winner of a game scores the base value in points, doubled for Schneider, irrespective of the matadors.[4]
- The winner of a game gets the number of card points achieved.[2]
- The winner of a game gets 2 points. If Schneider or Schwarz occurs, then the winner gets 3 or 4 points respectively. If the result is a draw, each player gets 1 point.
Variations[edit]
Passing[edit]
If agreed, a game can also be played where players can 'pass' instead of choosing trumps. If the actual declarer passes, the dealer can choose trumps once both players have four cards, face up, before them. If both players pass, the game is played as Ramsch, i.e. the is to get the lowest score.[1]
Harlequin Skat[edit]
The feature of Harlequin Skat is the fact that a player only sees half his own cards, but also half of his opponent's. His opponent cannot see any of those cards, but can see all the others.
The advantages of harlequin skat are that you need less space to play it, and a greater tactical depth because you know your opponent's cards before they are seen.
The same rules apply as in Officers' skat. However, the cards are not distributed on the table, but held in the hand as follows:
The cards are placed in a pile in the middle. Players now take turns drawing one card at a time. The first card is picked up normally. The second card is not viewed, but placed behind the other, so that it is only visible by the opponent. The third card is then picked up 'normally' again, the fourth is placed facing away behind the third, and so on. Players may say: 'One to see, one to turn!' to help them remember this. The players pick up their first eight cards, of which they will hold four face up, normally; and the remaining four turned to face away and so only seen by their opponent. The starting player now calls trumps. Then the remaining cards are drawn in the same fashion, so that now both players see eight of their own cards and eight of their opponent's. When a card is played, the card facing the opponent may then be turned over.
In addition, after each player has received eight cards (four face down, four open), the rest may be dealt as in a normal hand (face up to the player); this is called a 'half-open' (halb-offenes) game.
Admirals' Skat[edit]
In Admirals' Skat, each player is given five cards face down, five face up and five in their hand. The remaining two cards are set aside as the skat or 'stock' (Stock). The trump suit and who plays first is then determined as usual by the skat with bidding. This variant is also called 'with bidding' (mit Reizen).
Name[edit]
According to Grupp (1975), the name Officers' Skat (Offiziers-Skat ) came from the fact that 'officers only socialised with the men when they were in the barracks, but not at the skat table, so often there was no third man.' As a result, a variation of skat for two players was derived.[1]
The name coachman's skat (Kutscherskat) comes from the fact that coachmen were supposed to have whiled away their waiting time with this game, while their gentlemen went off to a social event, there being often 2 coachmen (including the postilion per coach. The cards were laid out between the coaches on the coach box.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ abcd'Offiziers-Skat' In: Claus D. Grupp: Kartenspiele. Falken-Verlag Erich Sicker, Wiesbaden, 1975; pp. 72–73. ISBN3-8068-2001-5.
- ^ ab'Skat zu weit' In: Robert E. Lembke: Das große Haus- und Familienbuch der Spiele. Lingen Verlag, Cologne o.J.; pp. 230–231.
- ^ abcdHugo Kastner, Gerald Kador Folkvord: Die große Humboldtenzyklopädie der Kartenspiele. Humboldt, Baden-Baden, 2005, p. 196, ISBN3-89994-058-X
- ^ ab'Offiziersskat'. In: Erhard Gorys: Das Buch der Spiele. Manfred Pawlak Verlagsgesellschaft, Herrsching o.J.; p. 45.
- ^Skat at www.pagat.com. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
Literature[edit]
- Hugo Kastner, Gerald Kador Folkvord: Die große Humboldtenzyklopädie der Kartenspiele. Humboldt, Baden-Baden 2005, p. 196, ISBN3-89994-058-X (skat&f=false Google Books)
- Offiziers-Skat In: Claus D. Grupp: Kartenspiele. Falken-Verlag Erich Sicker, Wiesbaden 1975; pp. 72–73. ISBN3-8068-2001-5.
- 'Offiziersskat' In: Erhard Gorys: Das Buch der Spiele. Manfred Pawlak Verlagsgesellschaft, Herrsching o.J.; p. 45.
External links[edit]
| Look up de:Offiziersskat in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |